Friday, September 25, 2020
Load Factor
Load Factor
Load factor is define as average power consumption over a period to the peak power consumption over the same period. Load factor is very important in determining the generation of cost per unit. Higher the load factor , lesser is the generation cost.
Load factor is calculated:
- Daily
- Weekly
- Monthly
- Yearly
This will improve the load factor and giving us the low generating power cost
Tuesday, September 22, 2020
Rotor of Squirrel Cage Induction Motor
Squirrel Cage Induction Motor
In Squirrel Cage Induction Motor, the rotor conductor are permanently shorted by the Aluminum /Copper ring called the end ring forming a complete closed circuit like squirrel cage , That's why it is known as Squirrel Cage Induction Motor
Construction:
Rotor:
The rotor is in cylindrical in shape. It consists of two rings which are permanently shorted with each others by parallel aluminum bars which are a slightly skewed to prevent the magnetic locking of the stator and the rotor teeth, makes the working of motor more smooth and quiet. Rotor resistance is very small and as the bars of the rotor is permanently shorted, no external resistance can be added.
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| Rotor Of Induction Motor |
Insulated iron core lamination are inserted in squirrel cage rotor to aid the current loss in the rotor bars.
I hope you love this article, for any query please comment.
For Basic Information of Electricity
For Basic Information of Electricity
Single Phase Induction Motor
Single Phase Induction Motor
The single phase induction motor is Classified into 4 motor
- Split Phase Induction Motor
- Capacitor Start Induction Motor
- Capacitor Start Capacitor Run Induction Motor
- Shaded Pole Induction Motor
Split Phase Induction Motor
The stator has two winding i.e Main winding/Running winding and Auxiliary winding/Starting winding. A centrifugal switch is connected in series with the auxiliary winding,to disconnect the auxiliary winding from the main winding when the motor achieves a speed of 70-80% of synchronous speed.
Working:
Auxiliary winding is 90 Degree in phase with the main winding.The running winding is inductive in nature that means current lags the voltage by an angle and the auxiliary winding is resistive in nature that means the current and voltage are in phase with each other.
To create a phase difference between 2 winding the starting winding must carry high resistance.
The result of these 2 current i.e Itotal which produces the rotating magnetic field which rotates in one direction.
As the starting and main current splits from each other by some angle hence this motor is called Split Phase Induction Motor
Advantages:
- Motor have low starting Current
- Motor have low starting Torque
- Motor are used in fans, blowers, centrifugal pumps
Application Of Single Phase Motors:
Shaded Pole induction motor are available to run with speed as low as one r.p.m.
Universal Motor/Single Phase Series Motor is used for the purpose of high speed and speed control is required. such as vacuum cleaners, drill machines.
Test on Dc Motor
Swinburne Test
This test is used to determine the efficiency, losses and temperature ries on the dc machines. This test is perform on the large shunt dc machines.
Hopkinson Test
This test is perform with the help of two shunt machine. Both machine are couplled together mechanically and electrically.
One act as a motor and other as a generator. The output of the motor is connected to the input of the generator and output of the generator connected to the input of the motor.
Saturday, May 16, 2020
Sensor and Transducer
Transducer:
Transducer is a device that converts one form of signal into the other form of signal.
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| Transducer |
The input is given to the Sensor and the output of sensor is the input of Processor.The combine process of sensor and processor is a Transducer in which the sensor converts the physical quantity into electrical signal and processor continue the further process.
Now the Processor output electrical signal is given to the Actuator which coverts the electrical signal to the mechanical works,which is also an example of transducer.
Examples:
Microphone: Convert voice to Electrical signal
Speaker: Convert Electrical signal into Sound
Antenna: Converts Electromagnetic energy into electrical and vice versa
Strain Gauge : Convert strain to electrical. Strain gauge is a sensor that converts strain(Force) into the electrical signal,its resistance changes with the applied force on it and force magnitude can be easily measured.
Sensor:
Sensor is a device that converts physical quantity into electrical signal.
Example: Temperature and humidity sensor- DH22,
PIR Sensor: Passive Infrared Sensor is an Electronic device that measures infrared light radiation emitting from the object in its range.Generally, PIR can detect any Human/Animal movement in a range,the sensor doesn't emit any energy but passively receives and detect infrared energy from the environment.
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| PIR Sensor |
Ultrasonic Sensor: It is an optical sensor and can detect how far an particular object is placed.It uses a transducer to send and receive ultrasonic sound waves that gives an approximation distance of the object from the sensor.
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| Ultrasonic Sensor |
LDR Sensor :Light Dependent Resistor has a variable resistance which is the function of intensity of light falls on the surface of sensor. Its resistance decrease with the increase in the intensity of light falling on it. LDR can be used in the street light to automatically switchs on and off the lights when it requires.
LED: Led is a semiconductor which emit lights when current flows through it.
Led has two terminal:
Anode which is long terminal and positive in nature.
Cathode which is short and negative in nature.
Current aways flows from the anode to Cathode in LED and never in the opposite terminal.
The operating voltage of LED is around 1.8 to 3.3 volts it varies by the color of LED.Current varies from 10mA to 20mA which maximum current capacity of LED. It will burn out, if current more than 20mA goes in the LED.
Always, a Resistor is connected in series with LED to limit the current through the LED. The resister used is known as ballast resistor
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